Need to elaboration on this

With over 600 million people in India or 53 per cent of Indian households defecating in the open, absence of toilet or latrine is one of the important contributors to malnutrition, a World Bank report has said.

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/policy-and-issues/53-pc-of-indian-households-defecate-in-open-world-bank/article5367467.ece

Timeline of Marathi Scripture

YEAR	EVENT[i]
1809	Printed 1,000 copies of NT by Serampore Press.
1811	NT by Baptist Missionary Society (BMS). Now it is called Old Version by BSI.
1813	Samuel Newell and family arrived Bombay, started preaching in Marathi using Serampore translation. Produced Harmony of Gospels, re-written some portions of Serampore translation to Devangari script. Realized Serampore translation have to be discarded. A new translation began, later came to be called “American version”.
1816	Translated NT and Genesis out of original Hebrew and Greek into Marathi from 1816-21. Newell died in Feb 1821 due to cholera.
1819	OT completed by Serampore Press. Multiple issues: 1) This was translated by Pandit Vaijanath, who later was found as belonging to a dialect from Nagpur not from Pune. 2) Done in Nagari script, rather than Devanagari. 3) Poorly printed. There it was not used widely and did not serve as a basis for another translation.
1819	Gospel Mathew by Bombay Auxiliary Bible Society.
1822	“American translators” approached the Bombay Auxiliary Bible Society for help. Rs 4,000 granted for publication of NT and another organization provided paper.
1824	Revised Version of BMS.
1824	Revised Serampore translation[ii].
1826	NT (American version) completed. Translated by 5 person and a pandit.
1830	NT (American version) revised. By then only on translator, Allen Graves.
1830	Another Gospel Mathew  published by Rev. William Mitchell of Church Mission Society.
1831	Discussed on which NT to be revised. American version was selected over Serampore.
1837	A committee was formed. Dr. D.O. Allen of American Mission served on committee.
1847	Bible published
1848	Revised NT
1851	Another edition of NT appeared. Translated by Rev. H. Ballatine of American Mission, at Ahmednagar. Hence called “Nagar NT”. It was considered good and Bombay Auxiliary adopted it as basis for their revision of NT in 1857. But still criticized the language as “Padre Marathi” meaning language of the church.
1855	Whole Bible revised and compiled NT and OT in one volume.
1872	Another revision issued
1879	Another revision under Rev Baba Padmanji, an Indian Christian.
1880	A committee constituted with Dr. D. Makkudar as Secretary.
1882	Genesis and Ephesians done.
1893	Baba appointed as full time translator and Dr. Mackiche as Chairman
1893	A paraphrase Bible appeared
1902	Baba and J. E. Abbot
1907	Published NT revision.
1924	Pandita Ramabhai translated the Bible into vernacular Marathi, published under Mukti Mission.
1939	Simplified Translation NT (Revised Jubilee Edition) of Ramabhai’s translation, published by Ramabai Mukti Mission.
1982	IBS published Living Bible.
1993	WBTC published Easy-to-Read NT
2002	BSI Children's Bible
2010	“Subodh Bible”  or “The Marathi Bible” translated by Father Francis D’Britto. 2000 copies printed and sold within 20 days. Published by Rajhans Prakashan.
2012	Easy to Read version by WBTC

 

---

[i] Unless quoted  information are primarily from: Hooper, J.S.M. 1963. Bible Translation in India, Pakistan and Ceylon (Revised by  W. J. Culshaw). London: Oxford University Press. Page 95 – 100.

[ii] William Allen Smalley. 1991. Translation as Mission: Bible Translation in the Modern Missionary Movement. Georgia, USA: Mercer University Press. Page 46.

Timeline of Kannada Bible

I enjoyed reading a book by Hooper on Bible translations in India. This is the only book I came across that covered this topic so well.

 

YEAR	EVENT
1809	Serampore Missionaries translated the NT.
1810	John Hands of London Missionary Society arrived in Bellary. He compiled a grammar and a dictionary. Began translating Gospel Luke.
1811	Calcutta Bible Society requested the Roman Catholic Arch Bishop of Goa to sanction funds for translating into Kannada, but did not happen. Only selected portions were translated for the 20,000 Kannada speaking Christians (RC).
	Comment: Three separate initiatives for translation on successive years. The last one did not take off as full-fledged translation.
1812	Fire in Serampore Press destroyed the NT translation of the Serampore Missionaries.
1812	John Hands published the Synoptic Gospels.
1817	Calcutta Bible Society heard about John Hands’ version and granted Rs 1,000 for translation.
1820	With that money, Hands published the Gospels and Acts through Madras Auxiliary.
1822	Hands printed Ephesians and Philippians.
1823	Serampore Missionaries published the NT. This translation did not service its purpose.
1825	Hands reviewed the NT he translated.
1828	John Hands and William Reeve started translation of OT. Reeve translated Genesis to Esther.
1830	Hands published NT under Madras Auxiliary. Printed at Bellary Mission Press.
	Comment: Took 2 decades to complete NT. Calcutta Bible Society though could not do separate translation, partnered with Hands.
1831	Hands completed OT translation. It was cast in a new font brought from London.
1837	Hands and J. Reid revised the edition of Gospels and Acts, under the supervision of a committee under Madras Auxiliary.
1848	G.H. Weigle of Basel Mission started the revision of NT under the authority of Madras Auxiliary.
1850	Weigle’s revision appeared
1854	Weigle’s NT was further revised by a committee from German, London and Wesleyan societies, appointed by the Madras Auxiliary of Bible Society appeared. Weigle died.
1864	The committee completed the review of the whole Bible.
	Comment: Revision became a need about 10 years after NT was published. It took about 15 years to stabilize the revision.
1890	Missions in Kannada speaking areas felt the need for revision.
1891	A committee was constituted from three missions.
1901	NT appeared with Henry Haigh as the Chief Reviser.
1934	Whole edition with reference appeared. This translation is still in use.
	Comment: Took another 2 decades to consider another revision. Reference Bible was done 100 years after the first NT was published.
1996	BSI published New common language Bible.
2000	NIBV Bible by International Bible Society.
2005	Children's Bible by BSI.
1992	Easy to Read NT by WBTC.
2006	Easy to Read Bible by World Bible Translation Centre (WBTC).
	Comment: several new versions appeared in the last twenty years.

 

Source:

Hooper, J.S.M. 1963. Bible Translation in India, Pakistan and Ceylon (Revised by  W. J. Culshaw). London: Oxford University Press. Page 95 – 100.

Go Christian Helps for Kannada Bible.

Bible Society of India on Kannada Bible translations.

 

Speaking a second language may delay dementia

Scientists examined almost 650 dementia patients

People who speak more than one language and who develop dementia tend to do so up to five years later than those who are monolingual, according to a study.

Source: BBC news, 7 Nov 2013

A quote

The respect of those you respect is worth more than the applause of the multitude ~ Arnold Glasow.

 

Finishing well

Few leaders finished well. Of those on which information was available, less than 30% finish well. 

 --- J. Robert Clinton

Bad evangelism

Securing files and emails

Got few ideas today... but not using for now. Definitely some time later.
http://www.howtogeek.com/135638/

A handy site to protect family from sexual abuse

INFORMATION FOR PARENTS AND GUARDIANS OF CHILDREN

Talking to Your Child

Sexual abuse is a difficult topic to discuss with others, especially children. Conventional wisdom about what to say to children has changed in recent years and may be counterintuitive.

This section contains the latest information about the preventative discussions to have with your young children and teenagers, as well as what to do if you suspect he or she has been sexually abused.

http://www.nsopw.gov/en/Education/TalkingChild

a quote

Addictions are wanting more, but liking it less.